Merge branch 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar: "The main changes in this cycle are: - Documentation updates - RCU CPU stall-warning updates - Torture-test updates - Miscellaneous fixes Size wise the biggest updates are to documentation. Excluding documentation most of the code increase comes from a single commit which expands debugging" * 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (24 commits) srcu: Add parameters to SRCU docbook comments doc: Rewrite confusing statement about memory barriers memory-barriers.txt: Fix typo in pairing example rcu/segcblist: Include rcupdate.h rcu: Add extended-quiescent-state testing advice rcu: Suppress lockdep false-positive ->boost_mtx complaints rcu: Do not include rtmutex_common.h unconditionally torture: Provide TMPDIR environment variable to specify tmpdir rcutorture: Dump writer stack if stalled rcutorture: Add interrupt-disable capability to stall-warning tests rcu: Suppress RCU CPU stall warnings while dumping trace rcu: Turn off tracing before dumping trace rcu: Make RCU CPU stall warnings check for irq-disabled CPUs sched,rcu: Make cond_resched() provide RCU quiescent state sched: Make resched_cpu() unconditional irq_work: Map irq_work_on_queue() to irq_work_on() in !SMP rcu: Create call_rcu_tasks() kthread at boot time rcu: Fix up pending cbs check in rcu_prepare_for_idle memory-barriers: Rework multicopy-atomicity section memory-barriers: Replace uses of "transitive" ...
author: Linus Torvalds 2017-11-13 12:18:10 -0800
committer: Linus Torvalds 2017-11-13 12:18:10 -0800
commit: 6098850e7e6978f95a958f79a645a653228d0002 (patch)
tree: 42e347ddd93cef05099b93157c32b80593572f02
parent: f08d8bcc12de5a153e587027e77de83662eefb8a (diff)
parent: 72bc286b81d21404cdfecddf76b64c7163aac764 (diff)
35 files changed, 14598 insertions, 256 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/Tree-RCU-Diagram.html b/Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/Tree-RCU-Diagram.html
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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+        <html>
+        <head><title>A Diagram of TREE_RCU's Grace-Period Memory Ordering</title>
+        <meta HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+
+<p><img src="TreeRCU-gp.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp.svg">
+
+</body></html>
diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/Tree-RCU-Memory-Ordering.html b/Documentation/RCU/Design/Memory-Ordering/Tree-RCU-Memory-Ordering.html
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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+        <html>
+        <head><title>A Tour Through TREE_RCU's Grace-Period Memory Ordering</title>
+        <meta HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+
+           <p>August 8, 2017</p>
+           <p>This article was contributed by Paul E.&nbsp;McKenney</p>
+
+<h3>Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>This document gives a rough visual overview of how Tree RCU's
+grace-period memory ordering guarantee is provided.
+
+<ol>
+<li>	<a href="#What Is Tree RCU's Grace Period Memory Ordering Guarantee?">
+	What Is Tree RCU's Grace Period Memory Ordering Guarantee?</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Building Blocks">
+	Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Building Blocks</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Components">
+	Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Components</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Putting It All Together">Putting It All Together</a>
+</ol>
+
+<h3><a name="What Is Tree RCU's Grace Period Memory Ordering Guarantee?">
+What Is Tree RCU's Grace Period Memory Ordering Guarantee?</a></h3>
+
+<p>RCU grace periods provide extremely strong memory-ordering guarantees
+for non-idle non-offline code.
+Any code that happens after the end of a given RCU grace period is guaranteed
+to see the effects of all accesses prior to the beginning of that grace
+period that are within RCU read-side critical sections.
+Similarly, any code that happens before the beginning of a given RCU grace
+period is guaranteed to see the effects of all accesses following the end
+of that grace period that are within RCU read-side critical sections.
+
+<p>This guarantee is particularly pervasive for <tt>synchronize_sched()</tt>,
+for which RCU-sched read-side critical sections include any region
+of code for which preemption is disabled.
+Given that each individual machine instruction can be thought of as
+an extremely small region of preemption-disabled code, one can think of
+<tt>synchronize_sched()</tt> as <tt>smp_mb()</tt> on steroids.
+
+<p>RCU updaters use this guarantee by splitting their updates into
+two phases, one of which is executed before the grace period and
+the other of which is executed after the grace period.
+In the most common use case, phase one removes an element from
+a linked RCU-protected data structure, and phase two frees that element.
+For this to work, any readers that have witnessed state prior to the
+phase-one update (in the common case, removal) must not witness state
+following the phase-two update (in the common case, freeing).
+
+<p>The RCU implementation provides this guarantee using a network
+of lock-based critical sections, memory barriers, and per-CPU
+processing, as is described in the following sections.
+
+<h3><a name="Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Building Blocks">
+Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Building Blocks</a></h3>
+
+<p>The workhorse for RCU's grace-period memory ordering is the
+critical section for the <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;lock</tt>.
+These critical sections use helper functions for lock acquisition, including
+<tt>raw_spin_lock_rcu_node()</tt>,
+<tt>raw_spin_lock_irq_rcu_node()</tt>, and
+<tt>raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node()</tt>.
+Their lock-release counterparts are
+<tt>raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node()</tt>,
+<tt>raw_spin_unlock_irq_rcu_node()</tt>, and
+<tt>raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node()</tt>,
+respectively.
+For completeness, a
+<tt>raw_spin_trylock_rcu_node()</tt>
+is also provided.
+The key point is that the lock-acquisition functions, including
+<tt>raw_spin_trylock_rcu_node()</tt>, all invoke
+<tt>smp_mb__after_unlock_lock()</tt> immediately after successful
+acquisition of the lock.
+
+<p>Therefore, for any given <tt>rcu_node</tt> struction, any access
+happening before one of the above lock-release functions will be seen
+by all CPUs as happening before any access happening after a later
+one of the above lock-acquisition functions.
+Furthermore, any access happening before one of the
+above lock-release function on any given CPU will be seen by all
+CPUs as happening before any access happening after a later one
+of the above lock-acquisition functions executing on that same CPU,
+even if the lock-release and lock-acquisition functions are operating
+on different <tt>rcu_node</tt> structures.
+Tree RCU uses these two ordering guarantees to form an ordering
+network among all CPUs that were in any way involved in the grace
+period, including any CPUs that came online or went offline during
+the grace period in question.
+
+<p>The following litmus test exhibits the ordering effects of these
+lock-acquisition and lock-release functions:
+
+<pre>
+ 1 int x, y, z;
+ 2
+ 3 void task0(void)
+ 4 {
+ 5   raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp);
+ 6   WRITE_ONCE(x, 1);
+ 7   r1 = READ_ONCE(y);
+ 8   raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp);
+ 9 }
+10
+11 void task1(void)
+12 {
+13   raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp);
+14   WRITE_ONCE(y, 1);
+15   r2 = READ_ONCE(z);
+16   raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp);
+17 }
+18
+19 void task2(void)
+20 {
+21   WRITE_ONCE(z, 1);
+22   smp_mb();
+23   r3 = READ_ONCE(x);
+24 }
+25
+26 WARN_ON(r1 == 0 &amp;&amp; r2 == 0 &amp;&amp; r3 == 0);
+</pre>
+
+<p>The <tt>WARN_ON()</tt> is evaluated at &ldquo;the end of time&rdquo;,
+after all changes have propagated throughout the system.
+Without the <tt>smp_mb__after_unlock_lock()</tt> provided by the
+acquisition functions, this <tt>WARN_ON()</tt> could trigger, for example
+on PowerPC.
+The <tt>smp_mb__after_unlock_lock()</tt> invocations prevent this
+<tt>WARN_ON()</tt> from triggering.
+
+<p>This approach must be extended to include idle CPUs, which need
+RCU's grace-period memory ordering guarantee to extend to any
+RCU read-side critical sections preceding and following the current
+idle sojourn.
+This case is handled by calls to the strongly ordered
+<tt>atomic_add_return()</tt> read-modify-write atomic operation that
+is invoked within <tt>rcu_dynticks_eqs_enter()</tt> at idle-entry
+time and within <tt>rcu_dynticks_eqs_exit()</tt> at idle-exit time.
+The grace-period kthread invokes <tt>rcu_dynticks_snap()</tt> and
+<tt>rcu_dynticks_in_eqs_since()</tt> (both of which invoke
+an <tt>atomic_add_return()</tt> of zero) to detect idle CPUs.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	But what about CPUs that remain offline for the entire
+	grace period?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	Such CPUs will be offline at the beginning of the grace period,
+	so the grace period won't expect quiescent states from them.
+	Races between grace-period start and CPU-hotplug operations
+	are mediated by the CPU's leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+	<tt>-&gt;lock</tt> as described above.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>The approach must be extended to handle one final case, that
+of waking a task blocked in <tt>synchronize_rcu()</tt>.
+This task might be affinitied to a CPU that is not yet aware that
+the grace period has ended, and thus might not yet be subject to
+the grace period's memory ordering.
+Therefore, there is an <tt>smp_mb()</tt> after the return from
+<tt>wait_for_completion()</tt> in the <tt>synchronize_rcu()</tt>
+code path.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	What?  Where???
+	I don't see any <tt>smp_mb()</tt> after the return from
+	<tt>wait_for_completion()</tt>!!!
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	That would be because I spotted the need for that
+	<tt>smp_mb()</tt> during the creation of this documentation,
+	and it is therefore unlikely to hit mainline before v4.14.
+	Kudos to Lance Roy, Will Deacon, Peter Zijlstra, and
+	Jonathan Cameron for asking questions that sensitized me
+	to the rather elaborate sequence of events that demonstrate
+	the need for this memory barrier.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Tree RCU's grace--period memory-ordering guarantees rely most
+heavily on the <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>
+field, so much so that it is necessary to abbreviate this pattern
+in the diagrams in the next section.
+For example, consider the <tt>rcu_prepare_for_idle()</tt> function
+shown below, which is one of several functions that enforce ordering
+of newly arrived RCU callbacks against future grace periods:
+
+<pre>
+ 1 static void rcu_prepare_for_idle(void)
+ 2 {
+ 3   bool needwake;
+ 4   struct rcu_data *rdp;
+ 5   struct rcu_dynticks *rdtp = this_cpu_ptr(&amp;rcu_dynticks);
+ 6   struct rcu_node *rnp;
+ 7   struct rcu_state *rsp;
+ 8   int tne;
+ 9
+10   if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU_ALL) ||
+11       rcu_is_nocb_cpu(smp_processor_id()))
+12     return;
+13   tne = READ_ONCE(tick_nohz_active);
+14   if (tne != rdtp-&gt;tick_nohz_enabled_snap) {
+15     if (rcu_cpu_has_callbacks(NULL))
+16       invoke_rcu_core();
+17     rdtp-&gt;tick_nohz_enabled_snap = tne;
+18     return;
+19   }
+20   if (!tne)
+21     return;
+22   if (rdtp-&gt;all_lazy &amp;&amp;
+23       rdtp-&gt;nonlazy_posted != rdtp-&gt;nonlazy_posted_snap) {
+24     rdtp-&gt;all_lazy = false;
+25     rdtp-&gt;nonlazy_posted_snap = rdtp-&gt;nonlazy_posted;
+26     invoke_rcu_core();
+27     return;
+28   }
+29   if (rdtp-&gt;last_accelerate == jiffies)
+30     return;
+31   rdtp-&gt;last_accelerate = jiffies;
+32   for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
+33     rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp-&gt;rda);
+34     if (rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(&amp;rdp-&gt;cblist))
+35       continue;
+36     rnp = rdp-&gt;mynode;
+37     raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp);
+38     needwake = rcu_accelerate_cbs(rsp, rnp, rdp);
+39     raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp);
+40     if (needwake)
+41       rcu_gp_kthread_wake(rsp);
+42   }
+43 }
+</pre>
+
+<p>But the only part of <tt>rcu_prepare_for_idle()</tt> that really
+matters for this discussion are lines&nbsp;37&ndash;39.
+We will therefore abbreviate this function as follows:
+
+</p><p><img src="rcu_node-lock.svg" alt="rcu_node-lock.svg">
+
+<p>The box represents the <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>
+critical section, with the double line on top representing the additional
+<tt>smp_mb__after_unlock_lock()</tt>.
+
+<h3><a name="Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Components">
+Tree RCU Grace Period Memory Ordering Components</a></h3>
+
+<p>Tree RCU's grace-period memory-ordering guarantee is provided by
+a number of RCU components:
+
+<ol>
+<li>	<a href="#Callback Registry">Callback Registry</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Grace-Period Initialization">Grace-Period Initialization</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Self-Reported Quiescent States">
+	Self-Reported Quiescent States</a>
+<li>	<a href="#Dynamic Tick Interface">Dynamic Tick Interface</a>
+<li>	<a href="#CPU-Hotplug Interface">CPU-Hotplug Interface</a>
+<li>	<a href="Forcing Quiescent States">Forcing Quiescent States</a>
+<li>	<a href="Grace-Period Cleanup">Grace-Period Cleanup</a>
+<li>	<a href="Callback Invocation">Callback Invocation</a>
+</ol>
+
+<p>Each of the following section looks at the corresponding component
+in detail.
+
+<h4><a name="Callback Registry">Callback Registry</a></h4>
+
+<p>If RCU's grace-period guarantee is to mean anything at all, any
+access that happens before a given invocation of <tt>call_rcu()</tt>
+must also happen before the corresponding grace period.
+The implementation of this portion of RCU's grace period guarantee
+is shown in the following figure:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-callback-registry.svg" alt="TreeRCU-callback-registry.svg">
+
+<p>Because <tt>call_rcu()</tt> normally acts only on CPU-local state,
+it provides no ordering guarantees, either for itself or for
+phase one of the update (which again will usually be removal of
+an element from an RCU-protected data structure).
+It simply enqueues the <tt>rcu_head</tt> structure on a per-CPU list,
+which cannot become associated with a grace period until a later
+call to <tt>rcu_accelerate_cbs()</tt>, as shown in the diagram above.
+
+<p>One set of code paths shown on the left invokes
+<tt>rcu_accelerate_cbs()</tt> via
+<tt>note_gp_changes()</tt>, either directly from <tt>call_rcu()</tt> (if
+the current CPU is inundated with queued <tt>rcu_head</tt> structures)
+or more likely from an <tt>RCU_SOFTIRQ</tt> handler.
+Another code path in the middle is taken only in kernels built with
+<tt>CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y</tt>, which invokes
+<tt>rcu_accelerate_cbs()</tt> via <tt>rcu_prepare_for_idle()</tt>.
+The final code path on the right is taken only in kernels built with
+<tt>CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU=y</tt>, which invokes
+<tt>rcu_accelerate_cbs()</tt> via
+<tt>rcu_advance_cbs()</tt>, <tt>rcu_migrate_callbacks</tt>,
+<tt>rcutree_migrate_callbacks()</tt>, and <tt>takedown_cpu()</tt>,
+which in turn is invoked on a surviving CPU after the outgoing
+CPU has been completely offlined.
+
+<p>There are a few other code paths within grace-period processing
+that opportunistically invoke <tt>rcu_accelerate_cbs()</tt>.
+However, either way, all of the CPU's recently queued <tt>rcu_head</tt>
+structures are associated with a future grace-period number under
+the protection of the CPU's lead <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;lock</tt>.
+In all cases, there is full ordering against any prior critical section
+for that same <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>, and
+also full ordering against any of the current task's or CPU's prior critical
+sections for any <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>.
+
+<p>The next section will show how this ordering ensures that any
+accesses prior to the <tt>call_rcu()</tt> (particularly including phase
+one of the update)
+happen before the start of the corresponding grace period.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	But what about <tt>synchronize_rcu()</tt>?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	The <tt>synchronize_rcu()</tt> passes <tt>call_rcu()</tt>
+	to <tt>wait_rcu_gp()</tt>, which invokes it.
+	So either way, it eventually comes down to <tt>call_rcu()</tt>.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h4><a name="Grace-Period Initialization">Grace-Period Initialization</a></h4>
+
+<p>Grace-period initialization is carried out by
+the grace-period kernel thread, which makes several passes over the
+<tt>rcu_node</tt> tree within the <tt>rcu_gp_init()</tt> function.
+This means that showing the full flow of ordering through the
+grace-period computation will require duplicating this tree.
+If you find this confusing, please note that the state of the
+<tt>rcu_node</tt> changes over time, just like Heraclitus's river.
+However, to keep the <tt>rcu_node</tt> river tractable, the
+grace-period kernel thread's traversals are presented in multiple
+parts, starting in this section with the various phases of
+grace-period initialization.
+
+<p>The first ordering-related grace-period initialization action is to
+increment the <tt>rcu_state</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;gpnum</tt>
+grace-period-number counter, as shown below:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-gp-init-1.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp-init-1.svg" width="75%">
+
+<p>The actual increment is carried out using <tt>smp_store_release()</tt>,
+which helps reject false-positive RCU CPU stall detection.
+Note that only the root <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure is touched.
+
+<p>The first pass through the <tt>rcu_node</tt> tree updates bitmasks
+based on CPUs having come online or gone offline since the start of
+the previous grace period.
+In the common case where the number of online CPUs for this <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure has not transitioned to or from zero,
+this pass will scan only the leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structures.
+However, if the number of online CPUs for a given leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure has transitioned from zero,
+<tt>rcu_init_new_rnp()</tt> will be invoked for the first incoming CPU.
+Similarly, if the number of online CPUs for a given leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure has transitioned to zero,
+<tt>rcu_cleanup_dead_rnp()</tt> will be invoked for the last outgoing CPU.
+The diagram below shows the path of ordering if the leftmost
+<tt>rcu_node</tt> structure onlines its first CPU and if the next
+<tt>rcu_node</tt> structure has no online CPUs
+(or, alternatively if the leftmost <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure offlines
+its last CPU and if the next <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure has no online CPUs).
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-gp-init-2.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp-init-1.svg" width="75%">
+
+<p>The final <tt>rcu_gp_init()</tt> pass through the <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+tree traverses breadth-first, setting each <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;gpnum</tt> field to the newly incremented value from the
+<tt>rcu_state</tt> structure, as shown in the following diagram.
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-gp-init-3.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp-init-1.svg" width="75%">
+
+<p>This change will also cause each CPU's next call to
+<tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt>
+to notice that a new grace period has started, as described in the next
+section.
+But because the grace-period kthread started the grace period at the
+root (with the increment of the <tt>rcu_state</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;gpnum</tt> field) before setting each leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure's <tt>-&gt;gpnum</tt> field, each CPU's observation of
+the start of the grace period will happen after the actual start
+of the grace period.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	But what about the CPU that started the grace period?
+	Why wouldn't it see the start of the grace period right when
+	it started that grace period?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	In some deep philosophical and overly anthromorphized
+	sense, yes, the CPU starting the grace period is immediately
+	aware of having done so.
+	However, if we instead assume that RCU is not self-aware,
+	then even the CPU starting the grace period does not really
+	become aware of the start of this grace period until its
+	first call to <tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt>.
+	On the other hand, this CPU potentially gets early notification
+	because it invokes <tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt> during its
+	last <tt>rcu_gp_init()</tt> pass through its leaf
+	<tt>rcu_node</tt> structure.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h4><a name="Self-Reported Quiescent States">
+Self-Reported Quiescent States</a></h4>
+
+<p>When all entities that might block the grace period have reported
+quiescent states (or as described in a later section, had quiescent
+states reported on their behalf), the grace period can end.
+Online non-idle CPUs report their own quiescent states, as shown
+in the following diagram:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-qs.svg" alt="TreeRCU-qs.svg" width="75%">
+
+<p>This is for the last CPU to report a quiescent state, which signals
+the end of the grace period.
+Earlier quiescent states would push up the <tt>rcu_node</tt> tree
+only until they encountered an <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure that
+is waiting for additional quiescent states.
+However, ordering is nevertheless preserved because some later quiescent
+state will acquire that <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>.
+
+<p>Any number of events can lead up to a CPU invoking
+<tt>note_gp_changes</tt> (or alternatively, directly invoking
+<tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt>), at which point that CPU will notice
+the start of a new grace period while holding its leaf
+<tt>rcu_node</tt> lock.
+Therefore, all execution shown in this diagram happens after the
+start of the grace period.
+In addition, this CPU will consider any RCU read-side critical
+section that started before the invocation of <tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt>
+to have started before the grace period, and thus a critical
+section that the grace period must wait on.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	But a RCU read-side critical section might have started
+	after the beginning of the grace period
+	(the <tt>-&gt;gpnum++</tt> from earlier), so why should
+	the grace period wait on such a critical section?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	It is indeed not necessary for the grace period to wait on such
+	a critical section.
+	However, it is permissible to wait on it.
+	And it is furthermore important to wait on it, as this
+	lazy approach is far more scalable than a &ldquo;big bang&rdquo;
+	all-at-once grace-period start could possibly be.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>If the CPU does a context switch, a quiescent state will be
+noted by <tt>rcu_node_context_switch()</tt> on the left.
+On the other hand, if the CPU takes a scheduler-clock interrupt
+while executing in usermode, a quiescent state will be noted by
+<tt>rcu_check_callbacks()</tt> on the right.
+Either way, the passage through a quiescent state will be noted
+in a per-CPU variable.
+
+<p>The next time an <tt>RCU_SOFTIRQ</tt> handler executes on
+this CPU (for example, after the next scheduler-clock
+interrupt), <tt>__rcu_process_callbacks()</tt> will invoke
+<tt>rcu_check_quiescent_state()</tt>, which will notice the
+recorded quiescent state, and invoke
+<tt>rcu_report_qs_rdp()</tt>.
+If <tt>rcu_report_qs_rdp()</tt> verifies that the quiescent state
+really does apply to the current grace period, it invokes
+<tt>rcu_report_rnp()</tt> which traverses up the <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+tree as shown at the bottom of the diagram, clearing bits from
+each <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;qsmask</tt> field,
+and propagating up the tree when the result is zero.
+
+<p>Note that traversal passes upwards out of a given <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure only if the current CPU is reporting the last quiescent
+state for the subtree headed by that <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure.
+A key point is that if a CPU's traversal stops at a given <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure, then there will be a later traversal by another CPU
+(or perhaps the same one) that proceeds upwards
+from that point, and the <tt>rcu_node</tt> <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>
+guarantees that the first CPU's quiescent state happens before the
+remainder of the second CPU's traversal.
+Applying this line of thought repeatedly shows that all CPUs'
+quiescent states happen before the last CPU traverses through
+the root <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure, the &ldquo;last CPU&rdquo;
+being the one that clears the last bit in the root <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure's <tt>-&gt;qsmask</tt> field.
+
+<h4><a name="Dynamic Tick Interface">Dynamic Tick Interface</a></h4>
+
+<p>Due to energy-efficiency considerations, RCU is forbidden from
+disturbing idle CPUs.
+CPUs are therefore required to notify RCU when entering or leaving idle
+state, which they do via fully ordered value-returning atomic operations
+on a per-CPU variable.
+The ordering effects are as shown below:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-dyntick.svg" alt="TreeRCU-dyntick.svg" width="50%">
+
+<p>The RCU grace-period kernel thread samples the per-CPU idleness
+variable while holding the corresponding CPU's leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt>.
+This means that any RCU read-side critical sections that precede the
+idle period (the oval near the top of the diagram above) will happen
+before the end of the current grace period.
+Similarly, the beginning of the current grace period will happen before
+any RCU read-side critical sections that follow the
+idle period (the oval near the bottom of the diagram above).
+
+<p>Plumbing this into the full grace-period execution is described
+<a href="#Forcing Quiescent States">below</a>.
+
+<h4><a name="CPU-Hotplug Interface">CPU-Hotplug Interface</a></h4>
+
+<p>RCU is also forbidden from disturbing offline CPUs, which might well
+be powered off and removed from the system completely.
+CPUs are therefore required to notify RCU of their comings and goings
+as part of the corresponding CPU hotplug operations.
+The ordering effects are shown below:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-hotplug.svg" alt="TreeRCU-hotplug.svg" width="50%">
+
+<p>Because CPU hotplug operations are much less frequent than idle transitions,
+they are heavier weight, and thus acquire the CPU's leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt>
+structure's <tt>-&gt;lock</tt> and update this structure's
+<tt>-&gt;qsmaskinitnext</tt>.
+The RCU grace-period kernel thread samples this mask to detect CPUs
+having gone offline since the beginning of this grace period.
+
+<p>Plumbing this into the full grace-period execution is described
+<a href="#Forcing Quiescent States">below</a>.
+
+<h4><a name="Forcing Quiescent States">Forcing Quiescent States</a></h4>
+
+<p>As noted above, idle and offline CPUs cannot report their own
+quiescent states, and therefore the grace-period kernel thread
+must do the reporting on their behalf.
+This process is called &ldquo;forcing quiescent states&rdquo;, it is
+repeated every few jiffies, and its ordering effects are shown below:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-gp-fqs.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp-fqs.svg" width="100%">
+
+<p>Each pass of quiescent state forcing is guaranteed to traverse the
+leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structures, and if there are no new quiescent
+states due to recently idled and/or offlined CPUs, then only the
+leaves are traversed.
+However, if there is a newly offlined CPU as illustrated on the left
+or a newly idled CPU as illustrated on the right, the corresponding
+quiescent state will be driven up towards the root.
+As with self-reported quiescent states, the upwards driving stops
+once it reaches an <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure that has quiescent
+states outstanding from other CPUs.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	The leftmost drive to root stopped before it reached
+	the root <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure, which means that
+	there are still CPUs subordinate to that structure on
+	which the current grace period is waiting.
+	Given that, how is it possible that the rightmost drive
+	to root ended the grace period?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	Good analysis!
+	It is in fact impossible in the absence of bugs in RCU.
+	But this diagram is complex enough as it is, so simplicity
+	overrode accuracy.
+	You can think of it as poetic license, or you can think of
+	it as misdirection that is resolved in the
+	<a href="#Putting It All Together">stitched-together diagram</a>.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h4><a name="Grace-Period Cleanup">Grace-Period Cleanup</a></h4>
+
+<p>Grace-period cleanup first scans the <tt>rcu_node</tt> tree
+breadth-first setting all the <tt>-&gt;completed</tt> fields equal
+to the number of the newly completed grace period, then it sets
+the <tt>rcu_state</tt> structure's <tt>-&gt;completed</tt> field,
+again to the number of the newly completed grace period.
+The ordering effects are shown below:
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-gp-cleanup.svg" alt="TreeRCU-gp-cleanup.svg" width="75%">
+
+<p>As indicated by the oval at the bottom of the diagram, once
+grace-period cleanup is complete, the next grace period can begin.
+
+<table>
+<tr><th>&nbsp;</th></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Quick Quiz:</th></tr>
+<tr><td>
+	But when precisely does the grace period end?
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th align="left">Answer:</th></tr>
+<tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff"><font color="ffffff">
+	There is no useful single point at which the grace period
+	can be said to end.
+	The earliest reasonable candidate is as soon as the last
+	CPU has reported its quiescent state, but it may be some
+	milliseconds before RCU becomes aware of this.
+	The latest reasonable candidate is once the <tt>rcu_state</tt>
+	structure's <tt>-&gt;completed</tt> field has been updated,
+	but it is quite possible that some CPUs have already completed
+	phase two of their updates by that time.
+	In short, if you are going to work with RCU, you need to
+	learn to embrace uncertainty.
+</font></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><a name="Callback Invocation">Callback Invocation</a></h4>
+
+<p>Once a given CPU's leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;completed</tt> field has been updated, that CPU can begin
+invoking its RCU callbacks that were waiting for this grace period
+to end.
+These callbacks are identified by <tt>rcu_advance_cbs()</tt>,
+which is usually invoked by <tt>__note_gp_changes()</tt>.
+As shown in the diagram below, this invocation can be triggered by
+the scheduling-clock interrupt (<tt>rcu_check_callbacks()</tt> on
+the left) or by idle entry (<tt>rcu_cleanup_after_idle()</tt> on
+the right, but only for kernels build with
+<tt>CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ=y</tt>).
+Either way, <tt>RCU_SOFTIRQ</tt> is raised, which results in
+<tt>rcu_do_batch()</tt> invoking the callbacks, which in turn
+allows those callbacks to carry out (either directly or indirectly
+via wakeup) the needed phase-two processing for each update.
+
+</p><p><img src="TreeRCU-callback-invocation.svg" alt="TreeRCU-callback-invocation.svg" width="60%">
+
+<p>Please note that callback invocation can also be prompted by any
+number of corner-case code paths, for example, when a CPU notes that
+it has excessive numbers of callbacks queued.
+In all cases, the CPU acquires its leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure's
+<tt>-&gt;lock</tt> before invoking callbacks, which preserves the
+required ordering against the newly completed grace period.
+
+<p>However, if the callback function communicates to other CPUs,
+for example, doing a wakeup, then it is that function's responsibility
+to maintain ordering.
+For example, if the callback function wakes up a task that runs on
+some other CPU, proper ordering must in place in both the callback
+function and the task being awakened.
+To see why this is important, consider the top half of the
+<a href="#Grace-Period Cleanup">grace-period cleanup</a> diagram.
+The callback might be running on a CPU corresponding to the leftmost
+leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure, and awaken a task that is to run on
+a CPU corresponding to the rightmost leaf <tt>rcu_node</tt> structure,
+and the grace-period kernel thread might not yet have reached the
+rightmost leaf.
+In this case, the grace period's memory ordering might not yet have
+reached that CPU, so again the callback function and the awakened
+task must supply proper ordering.
+
+<h3><a name="Putting It All Together">Putting It All Together</a></h3>
+
+<p>A stitched-together diagram is
+<a href="Tree-RCU-Diagram.html">here</a>.
+
+<h3><a name="Legal Statement">
+Legal Statement</a></h3>
+
+<p>This work represents the view of the author and does not necessarily
+represent the view of IBM.
+
+</p><p>Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
+
+</p><p>Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or
+service marks of others.
+
+</body></html>
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.txt b/Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.txt
index 96a3d81837e1..a08f928c8557 100644
--- a/Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RCU/stallwarn.txt
@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ o	Booting Linux using a console connection that is too slow to
 o	Anything that prevents RCU's grace-period kthreads from running.
 	This can result in the "All QSes seen" console-log message.
 	This message will include information on when the kthread last
-	ran and how often it should be expected to run.
+	ran and how often it should be expected to run.  It can also
+	result in the "rcu_.*kthread starved for" console-log message,
+	which will include additional debugging information.
 
 o	A CPU-bound real-time task in a CONFIG_PREEMPT kernel, which might
 	happen to preempt a low-priority task in the middle of an RCU
@@ -60,6 +62,20 @@ o	A CPU-bound real-time task in a CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT kernel that
 	CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU case, you might see stall-warning
 	messages.
 
+o	A periodic interrupt whose handler takes longer than the time
+	interval between successive pairs of interrupts.  This can
+	prevent RCU's kthreads and softirq handlers from running.
+	Note that certain high-overhead debugging options, for example
+	the function_graph tracer, can result in interrupt handler taking
+	considerably longer than normal, which can in turn result in
+	RCU CPU stall warnings.
+
+o	Testing a workload on a fast system, tuning the stall-warning
+	timeout down to just barely avoid RCU CPU stall warnings, and then
+	running the same workload with the same stall-warning timeout on a
+	slow system.  Note that thermal throttling and on-demand governors
+	can cause a single system to be sometimes fast and sometimes slow!
+
 o	A hardware or software issue shuts off the scheduler-clock
 	interrupt on a CPU that is not in dyntick-idle mode.  This
 	problem really has happened, and seems to be most likely to
@@ -155,67 +171,32 @@ Interpreting RCU's CPU Stall-Detector "Splats"
 For non-RCU-tasks flavors of RCU, when a CPU detects that it is stalling,
 it will print a message similar to the following:
 
-INFO: rcu_sched_state detected stall on CPU 5 (t=2500 jiffies)
-
-This message indicates that CPU 5 detected that it was causing a stall,
-and that the stall was affecting RCU-sched.  This message will normally be
-followed by a stack dump of the offending CPU.  On TREE_RCU kernel builds,
-RCU and RCU-sched are implemented by the same underlying mechanism,
-while on PREEMPT_RCU kernel builds, RCU is instead implemented
-by rcu_preempt_state.
-
-On the other hand, if the offending CPU fails to print out a stall-warning
-message quickly enough, some other CPU will print a message similar to
-the following:
-
-INFO: rcu_bh_state detected stalls on CPUs/tasks: { 3 5 } (detected by 2, 2502 jiffies)
+	INFO: rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
+	2-...: (3 GPs behind) idle=06c/0/0 softirq=1453/1455 fqs=0
+	16-...: (0 ticks this GP) idle=81c/0/0 softirq=764/764 fqs=0
+	(detected by 32, t=2603 jiffies, g=7073, c=7072, q=625)
 
-This message indicates that CPU 2 detected that CPUs 3 and 5 were both
-causing stalls, and that the stall was affecting RCU-bh.  This message
+This message indicates that CPU 32 detected that CPUs 2 and 16 were both
+causing stalls, and that the stall was affecting RCU-sched.  This message
 will normally be followed by stack dumps for each CPU.  Please note that
-PREEMPT_RCU builds can be stalled by tasks as well as by CPUs,
-and that the tasks will be indicated by PID, for example, "P3421".
-It is even possible for a rcu_preempt_state stall to be caused by both
-CPUs -and- tasks, in which case the offending CPUs and tasks will all
-be called out in the list.
-
-Finally, if the grace period ends just as the stall warning starts
-printing, there will be a spurious stall-warning message:
-
-INFO: rcu_bh_state detected stalls on CPUs/tasks: { } (detected by 4, 2502 jiffies)
-
-This is rare, but does happen from time to time in real life.  It is also
-possible for a zero-jiffy stall to be flagged in this case, depending
-on how the stall warning and the grace-period initialization happen to
-interact.  Please note that it is not possible to entirely eliminate this
-sort of false positive without resorting to things like stop_machine(),
-which is overkill for this sort of problem.
-
-Recent kernels will print a long form of the stall-warning message:
-
-	INFO: rcu_preempt detected stall on CPU
-	0: (63959 ticks this GP) idle=241/3fffffffffffffff/0 softirq=82/543
-	   (t=65000 jiffies)
-
-In kernels with CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ, more information is printed:
-
-	INFO: rcu_preempt detected stall on CPU
-	0: (64628 ticks this GP) idle=dd5/3fffffffffffffff/0 softirq=82/543 last_accelerate: a345/d342 nonlazy_posted: 25 .D
-	   (t=65000 jiffies)
+PREEMPT_RCU builds can be stalled by tasks as well as by CPUs, and that
+the tasks will be indicated by PID, for example, "P3421".  It is even
+possible for a rcu_preempt_state stall to be caused by both CPUs -and-
+tasks, in which case the offending CPUs and tasks will all be called
+out in the list.
 
-The "(64628 ticks this GP)" indicates that this CPU has taken more
-than 64,000 scheduling-clock interrupts during the current stalled
-grace period.  If the CPU was not yet aware of the current grace
-period (for example, if it was offline), then this part of the message
-indicates how many grace periods behind the CPU is.
+CPU 2's "(3 GPs behind)" indicates that this CPU has not interacted with
+the RCU core for the past three grace periods.  In contrast, CPU 16's "(0
+ticks this GP)" indicates that this CPU has not taken any scheduling-clock
+interrupts during the current stalled grace period.
 
 The "idle=" portion of the message prints the dyntick-idle state.
 The hex number before the first "/" is the low-order 12 bits of the
-dynticks counter, which will have an even-numbered value if the CPU is
-in dyntick-idle mode and an odd-numbered value otherwise.  The hex
-number between the two "/"s is the value of the nesting, which will
-be a small positive number if in the idle loop and a very large positive
-number (as shown above) otherwise.
+dynticks counter, which will have an even-numbered value if the CPU
+is in dyntick-idle mode and an odd-numbered value otherwise.  The hex
+number between the two "/"s is the value of the nesting, which will be
+a small non-negative number if in the idle loop (as shown above) and a
+very large positive number otherwise.
 
 The "softirq=" portion of the message tracks the number of RCU softirq
 handlers that the stalled CPU has executed.  The number before the "/"
@@ -230,24 +211,72 @@ handlers are no longer able to execute on this CPU.  This can happen if
 the stalled CPU is spinning with interrupts are disabled, or, in -rt
 kernels, if a high-priority process is starving RCU's softirq handler.
 
-For CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ kernels, the "last_accelerate:" prints the
-low-order 16 bits (in hex) of the jiffies counter when this CPU last
-invoked rcu_try_advance_all_cbs() from rcu_needs_cpu() or last invoked
-rcu_accelerate_cbs() from rcu_prepare_for_idle().  The "nonlazy_posted:"
-prints the number of non-lazy callbacks posted since the last call to
-rcu_needs_cpu().  Finally, an "L" indicates that there are currently
-no non-lazy callbacks ("." is printed otherwise, as shown above) and
-"D" indicates that dyntick-idle processing is enabled ("." is printed
-otherwise, for example, if disabled via the "nohz=" kernel boot parameter).
+The "fps=" shows the number of force-quiescent-state idle/offline
+detection passes that the grace-period kthread has made across this
+CPU since the last time that this CPU noted the beginning of a grace
+period.
+
+The "detected by" line indicates which CPU detected the stall (in this
+case, CPU 32), how many jiffies have elapsed since the start of the
+grace period (in this case 2603), the number of the last grace period
+to start and to complete (7073 and 7072, respectively), and an estimate
+of the total number of RCU callbacks queued across all CPUs (625 in
+this case).
+
+In kernels with CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ, more information is printed
+for each CPU:
+
+	0: (64628 ticks this GP) idle=dd5/3fffffffffffffff/0 softirq=82/543 last_accelerate: a345/d342 nonlazy_posted: 25 .D
+
+The "last_accelerate:" prints the low-order 16 bits (in hex) of the
+jiffies counter when this CPU last invoked rcu_try_advance_all_cbs()
+from rcu_needs_cpu() or last invoked rcu_accelerate_cbs() from
+rcu_prepare_for_idle().  The "nonlazy_posted:" prints the number
+of non-lazy callbacks posted since the last call to rcu_needs_cpu().
+Finally, an "L" indicates that there are currently no non-lazy callbacks
+("." is printed otherwise, as shown above) and "D" indicates that
+dyntick-idle processing is enabled ("." is printed otherwise, for example,
+if disabled via the "nohz=" kernel boot parameter).
+
+If the grace period ends just as the stall warning starts printing,
+there will be a spurious stall-warning message, which will include
+the following:
+
+	INFO: Stall ended before state dump start
+
+This is rare, but does happen from time to time in real life.  It is also
+possible for a zero-jiffy stall to be flagged in this case, depending
+on how the stall warning and the grace-period initialization happen to
+interact.  Please note that it is not possible to entirely eliminate this
+sort of false positive without resorting to things like stop_machine(),
+which is overkill for this sort of problem.
+
+If all CPUs and tasks have passed through quiescent states, but the
+grace period has nevertheless failed to end, the stall-warning splat
+will include something like the following:
+
+	All QSes seen, last rcu_preempt kthread activity 23807 (4297905177-4297881370), jiffies_till_next_fqs=3, root ->qsmask 0x0
+
+The "23807" indicates that it has been more than 23 thousand jiffies
+since the grace-period kthread ran.  The "jiffies_till_next_fqs"
+indicates how frequently that kthread should run, giving the number
+of jiffies between force-quiescent-state scans, in this case three,
+which is way less than 23807.  Finally, the root rcu_node structure's
+->qsmask field is printed, which will normally be zero.
 
 If the relevant grace-period kthread has been unable to run prior to
-the stall warning, the following additional line is printed:
+the stall warning, as was the case in the "All QSes seen" line above,
+the following additional line is printed:
 
-	rcu_preempt kthread starved for 2023 jiffies!
+	kthread starved for 23807 jiffies! g7073 c7072 f0x0 RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS(3) ->state=0x1
 
-Starving the grace-period kthreads of CPU time can of course result in
-RCU CPU stall warnings even when all CPUs and tasks have passed through
-the required quiescent states.
+Starving the grace-period kthreads of CPU time can of course result
+in RCU CPU stall warnings even when all CPUs and tasks have passed
+through the required quiescent states.  The "g" and "c" numbers flag the
+number of the last grace period started and completed, respectively,
+the "f" precedes the ->gp_flags command to the grace-period kthread,
+the "RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS" indicates that the kthread is waiting for a short
+timeout, and the "state" precedes value of the task_struct ->state field.
 
 
 Multiple Warnings From One Stall
@@ -264,13 +293,28 @@ Stall Warnings for Expedited Grace Periods
 If an expedited grace period detects a stall, it will place a message
 like the following in dmesg:
 
-	INFO: rcu_sched detected expedited stalls on CPUs: { 1 2 6 } 26009 jiffies s: 1043
-
-This indicates that CPUs 1, 2, and 6 have failed to respond to a
-reschedule IPI, that the expedited grace period has been going on for
-26,009 jiffies, and that the expedited grace-period sequence counter is
-1043.  The fact that this last value is odd indicates that an expedited
-grace period is in flight.
+	INFO: rcu_sched detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: { 7-... } 21119 jiffies s: 73 root: 0x2/.
+
+This indicates that CPU 7 has failed to respond to a reschedule IPI.
+The three periods (".") following the CPU number indicate that the CPU
+is online (otherwise the first period would instead have been "O"),
+that the CPU was online at the beginning of the expedited grace period
+(otherwise the second period would have instead been "o"), and that
+the CPU has been online at least once since boot (otherwise, the third
+period would instead have been "N").  The number before the "jiffies"
+indicates that the expedited grace period has been going on for 21,119
+jiffies.  The number following the "s:" indicates that the expedited
+grace-period sequence counter is 73.  The fact that this last value is
+odd indicates that an expedited grace period is in flight.  The number
+following "root:" is a bitmask that indicates which children of the root
+rcu_node structure correspond to CPUs and/or tasks that are blocking the
+current expedited grace period.  If the tree had more than one level,
+additional hex numbers would be printed for the states of the other
+rcu_node structures in the tree.
+
+As with normal grace periods, PREEMPT_RCU builds can be stalled by
+tasks as well as by CPUs, and that the tasks will be indicated by PID,
+for example, "P3421".
 
 It is entirely possible to see stall warnings from normal and from
-expedited grace periods at about the same time from the same run.
+expedited grace periods at about the same time during the same run.
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
index 55cfff9d59bb..4af4dd46cbd9 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -3542,6 +3542,9 @@
 	rcutorture.stall_cpu_holdoff= [KNL]
 			Time to wait (s) after boot before inducing stall.
 
+	rcutorture.stall_cpu_irqsoff= [KNL]
+			Disable interrupts while stalling if set.
+
 	rcutorture.stat_interval= [KNL]
 			Time (s) between statistics printk()s.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt
index b759a60624fd..519940ec767f 100644
--- a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ CONTENTS
      - SMP barrier pairing.
      - Examples of memory barrier sequences.
      - Read memory barriers vs load speculation.
-     - Transitivity
+     - Multicopy atomicity.
 
  (*) Explicit kernel barriers.
 
@@ -383,8 +383,8 @@ Memory barriers come in four basic varieties:
      to have any effect on loads.
 
      A CPU can be viewed as committing a sequence of store operations to the
-     memory system as time progresses.  All stores before a write barrier will
-     occur in the sequence _before_ all the stores after the write barrier.
+     memory system as time progresses.  All stores _before_ a write barrier
+     will occur _before_ all the stores after the write barrier.
 
      [!] Note that write barriers should normally be paired with read or data
      dependency barriers; see the "SMP barrier pairing" subsection.
@@ -635,6 +635,11 @@ can be used to record rare error conditions and the like, and the CPUs'
 naturally occurring ordering prevents such records from being lost.
 
 
+Note well that the ordering provided by a data dependency is local to
+the CPU containing it.  See the section on "Multicopy atomicity" for
+more information.
+
+
 The data dependency barrier is very important to the RCU system,
 for example.  See rcu_assign_pointer() and rcu_dereference() in
 include/linux/rcupdate.h.  This permits the current target of an RCU'd
@@ -851,38 +856,11 @@ In short, control dependencies apply only to the stores in the then-clause
 and else-clause of the if-statement in question (including functions
 invoked by those two clauses), not to code following that if-statement.
 
-Finally, control dependencies do -not- provide transitivity.  This is
-demonstrated by two related examples, with the initial values of
-'x' and 'y' both being zero:
-
-	CPU 0                     CPU 1
-	=======================   =======================
-	r1 = READ_ONCE(x);        r2 = READ_ONCE(y);
-	if (r1 > 0)               if (r2 > 0)
-	  WRITE_ONCE(y, 1);         WRITE_ONCE(x, 1);
-
-	assert(!(r1 == 1 && r2 == 1));
 
-The above two-CPU example will never trigger the assert().  However,
-if control dependencies guaranteed transitivity (which they do not),
-then adding the following CPU would guarantee a related assertion:
+Note well that the ordering provided by a control dependency is local
+to the CPU containing it.  See the section on "Multicopy atomicity"
+for more information.
 
-	CPU 2
-	=====================
-	WRITE_ONCE(x, 2);
-
-	assert(!(r1 == 2 && r2 == 1 && x == 2)); /* FAILS!!! */
-
-But because control dependencies do -not- provide transitivity, the above
-assertion can fail after the combined three-CPU example completes.  If you
-need the three-CPU example to provide ordering, you will need smp_mb()
-between the loads and stores in the CPU 0 and CPU 1 code fragments,
-that is, just before or just after the "if" statements.  Furthermore,
-the original two-CPU example is very fragile and should be avoided.
-
-These two examples are the LB and WWC litmus tests from this paper:
-http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/pes20/ppc-supplemental/test6.pdf and this
-site: https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~pes20/ppcmem/index.html.
 
 In summary:
 
@@ -922,8 +900,8 @@ In summary:
 
   (*) Control dependencies pair normally with other types of barriers.
 
-  (*) Control dependencies do -not- provide transitivity.  If you
-      need transitivity, use smp_mb().
+  (*) Control dependencies do -not- provide multicopy atomicity.  If you
+      need all the CPUs to see a given store at the same time, use smp_mb().
 
   (*) Compilers do not understand control dependencies.  It is therefore
       your job to ensure that they do not break your code.
@@ -936,13 +914,14 @@ When dealing with CPU-CPU interactions, certain types of memory barrier should
 always be paired.  A lack of appropriate pairing is almost certainly an error.
 
 General barriers pair with each other, though they also pair with most
-other types of barriers, albeit without transitivity.  An acquire barrier
-pairs with a release barrier, but both may also pair with other barriers,
-including of course general barriers.  A write barrier pairs with a data
-dependency barrier, a control dependency, an acquire barrier, a release
-barrier, a read barrier, or a general barrier.  Similarly a read barrier,
-control dependency, or a data dependency barrier pairs with a write
-barrier, an acquire barrier, a release barrier, or a general barrier:
+other types of barriers, albeit without multicopy atomicity.  An acquire
+barrier pairs with a release barrier, but both may also pair with other
+barriers, including of course general barriers.  A write barrier pairs
+with a data dependency barrier, a control dependency, an acquire barrier,
+a release barrier, a read barrier, or a general barrier.  Similarly a
+read barrier, control dependency, or a data dependency barrier pairs
+with a write barrier, an acquire barrier, a release barrier, or a
+general barrier:
 
 	CPU 1		      CPU 2
 	===============	      ===============
@@ -968,7 +947,7 @@ Or even:
 	===============	      ===============================
 	r1 = READ_ONCE(y);
 	<general barrier>
-	WRITE_ONCE(y, 1);     if (r2 = READ_ONCE(x)) {
+	WRITE_ONCE(x, 1);     if (r2 = READ_ONCE(x)) {
 			         <implicit control dependency>
 			         WRITE_ONCE(y, 1);
 			      }
@@ -1359,64 +1338,79 @@ the speculation will be cancelled and the value reloaded:
 	retrieved                               :       :       +-------+
 
 
-TRANSITIVITY
-------------
+MULTICOPY ATOMICITY
+--------------------
+
+Multicopy atomicity is a deeply intuitive notion about ordering that is
+not always provided by real computer systems, namely that a given store
+becomes visible at the same time to all CPUs, or, alternatively, that all
+CPUs agree on the order in which all stores become visible.  However,
+support of full multicopy atomicity would rule out valuable hardware
+optimizations, so a weaker form called ``other multicopy atomicity''
+instead guarantees only that a given store becomes visible at the same
+time to all -other- CPUs.  The remainder of this document discusses this
+weaker form, but for brevity will call it simply ``multicopy atomicity''.
 
-Transitivity is a deeply intuitive notion about ordering that is not
-always provided by real computer systems.  The following example
-demonstrates transitivity:
+The following example demonstrates multicopy atomicity:
 
 	CPU 1			CPU 2			CPU 3
 	=======================	=======================	=======================
 		{ X = 0, Y = 0 }
-	STORE X=1		LOAD X			STORE Y=1
-				<general barrier>	<general barrier>
-				LOAD Y			LOAD X
-
-Suppose that CPU 2's load from X returns 1 and its load from Y returns 0.
-This indicates that CPU 2's load from X in some sense follows CPU 1's
-store to X and that CPU 2's load from Y in some sense preceded CPU 3's
-store to Y.  The question is then "Can CPU 3's load from X return 0?"
-
-Because CPU 2's load from X in some sense came after CPU 1's store, it
+	STORE X=1		r1=LOAD X (reads 1)	LOAD Y (reads 1)
+				<general barrier>	<read barrier>
+				STORE Y=r1		LOAD X
+
+Suppose that CPU 2's load from X returns 1, which it then stores to Y,
+and CPU 3's load from Y returns 1.  This indicates that CPU 1's store
+to X precedes CPU 2's load from X and that CPU 2's store to Y precedes
+CPU 3's load from Y.  In addition, the memory barriers guarantee that
+CPU 2 executes its load before its store, and CPU 3 loads from Y before
+it loads from X.  The question is then "Can CPU 3's load from X return 0?"
+
+Because CPU 3's load from X in some sense comes after CPU 2's load, it
 is natural to expect that CPU 3's load from X must therefore return 1.
-This expectation is an example of transitivity: if a load executing on
-CPU A follows a load from the same variable executing on CPU B, then
-CPU A's load must either return the same value that CPU B's load did,
-or must return some later value.
-
-In the Linux kernel, use of general memory barriers guarantees
-transitivity.  Therefore, in the above example, if CPU 2's load from X
-returns 1 and its load from Y returns 0, then CPU 3's load from X must
-also return 1.
-
-However, transitivity is -not- guaranteed for read or write barriers.
-For example, suppose that CPU 2's general barrier in the above example
-is changed to a read barrier as shown below:
+This expectation follows from multicopy atomicity: if a load executing
+on CPU B follows a load from the same variable executing on CPU A (and
+CPU A did not originally store the value which it read), then on
+multicopy-atomic systems, CPU B's load must return either the same value
+that CPU A's load did or some later value.  However, the Linux kernel
+does not require systems to be multicopy atomic.
+
+The use of a general memory barrier in the example above compensates
+for any lack of multicopy atomicity.  In the example, if CPU 2's load
+from X returns 1 and CPU 3's load from Y returns 1, then CPU 3's load
+from X must indeed also return 1.
+
+However, dependencies, read barriers, and write barriers are not always
+able to compensate for non-multicopy atomicity.  For example, suppose
+that CPU 2's general barrier is removed from the above example, leaving
+only the data dependency shown below:
 
 	CPU 1			CPU 2			CPU 3
 	=======================	=======================	=======================
 		{ X = 0, Y = 0 }
-	STORE X=1		LOAD X			STORE Y=1
-				<read barrier>		<general barrier>
-				LOAD Y			LOAD X
-
-This substitution destroys transitivity: in this example, it is perfectly
-legal for CPU 2's load from X to return 1, its load from Y to return 0,
-and CPU 3's load from X to return 0.
-
-The key point is that although CPU 2's read barrier orders its pair
-of loads, it does not guarantee to order CPU 1's store.  Therefore, if
-this example runs on a system where CPUs 1 and 2 share a store buffer
-or a level of cache, CPU 2 might have early access to CPU 1's writes.
-General barriers are therefore required to ensure that all CPUs agree
-on the combined order of CPU 1's and CPU 2's accesses.
-
-General barriers provide "global transitivity", so that all CPUs will
-agree on the order of operations.  In contrast, a chain of release-acquire
-pairs provides only "local transitivity", so that only those CPUs on
-the chain are guaranteed to agree on the combined order of the accesses.
-For example, switching to C code in deference to Herman Hollerith:
+	STORE X=1		r1=LOAD X (reads 1)	LOAD Y (reads 1)
+				<data dependency>	<read barrier>
+				STORE Y=r1		LOAD X (reads 0)
+
+This substitution allows non-multicopy atomicity to run rampant: in
+this example, it is perfectly legal for CPU 2's load from X to return 1,
+CPU 3's load from Y to return 1, and its load from X to return 0.
+
+The key point is that although CPU 2's data dependency orders its load
+and store, it does not guarantee to order CPU 1's store.  Thus, if this
+example runs on a non-multicopy-atomic system where CPUs 1 and 2 share a
+store buffer or a level of cache, CPU 2 might have early access to CPU 1's
+writes.  General barriers are therefore required to ensure that all CPUs
+agree on the combined order of multiple accesses.
+
+General barriers can compensate not only for non-multicopy atomicity,
+but can also generate additional ordering that can ensure that -all-
+CPUs will perceive the same order of -all- operations.  In contrast, a
+chain of release-acquire pairs do not provide this additional ordering,
+which means that only those CPUs on the chain are guaranteed to agree
+on the combined order of the accesses.  For example, switching to C code
+in deference to the ghost of Herman Hollerith:
 
 	int u, v, x, y, z;
 
@@ -1448,9 +1442,9 @@ For example, switching to C code in deference to Herman Hollerith:
 		r3 = READ_ONCE(u);
 	}
 
-Because cpu0(), cpu1(), and cpu2() participate in a local transitive
-chain of smp_store_release()/smp_load_acquire() pairs, the following
-outcome is prohibited:
+Because cpu0(), cpu1(), and cpu2() participate in a chain of
+smp_store_release()/smp_load_acquire() pairs, the following outcome
+is prohibited:
 
 	r0 == 1 && r1 == 1 && r2 == 1
 
@@ -1460,9 +1454,9 @@ outcome is prohibited:
 
 	r1 == 1 && r5 == 0
 
-However, the transitivity of release-acquire is local to the participating
-CPUs and does not apply to cpu3().  Therefore, the following outcome
-is possible:
+However, the ordering provided by a release-acquire chain is local
+to the CPUs participating in that chain and does not apply to cpu3(),
+at least aside from stores.  Therefore, the following outcome is possible:
 
 	r0 == 0 && r1 == 1 && r2 == 1 && r3 == 0 && r4 == 0
 
@@ -1490,8 +1484,8 @@ following outcome is possible:
 Note that this outcome can happen even on a mythical sequentially
 consistent system where nothing is ever reordered.
 
-To reiterate, if your code requires global transitivity, use general
-barriers throughout.
+To reiterate, if your code requires full ordering of all operations,
+use general barriers throughout.
 
 
 ========================
@@ -3101,6 +3095,9 @@ AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 2: System Programming
 	Chapter 7.1: Memory-Access Ordering
 	Chapter 7.4: Buffering and Combining Memory Writes
 
+ARM Architecture Reference Manual (ARMv8, for ARMv8-A architecture profile)
+	Chapter B2: The AArch64 Application Level Memory Model
+
 IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual, Volume 3:
 System Programming Guide
 	Chapter 7.1: Locked Atomic Operations
@@ -3112,6 +3109,8 @@ The SPARC Architecture Manual, Version 9
 	Appendix D: Formal Specification of the Memory Models
 	Appendix J: Programming with the Memory Models
 
+Storage in the PowerPC (Stone and Fitzgerald)
+
 UltraSPARC Programmer Reference Manual
 	Chapter 5: Memory Accesses and Cacheability
 	Chapter 15: Sparc-V9 Memory Models
diff --git a/include/linux/irq_work.h b/include/linux/irq_work.h
index 9270d73ea682..0e81035b678f 100644
--- a/include/linux/irq_work.h
+++ b/include/linux/irq_work.h
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ void init_irq_work(struct irq_work *work, void (*func)(struct irq_work *))
 #define DEFINE_IRQ_WORK(name, _f) struct irq_work name = { .func = (_f), }
 
 bool irq_work_queue(struct irq_work *work);
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 bool irq_work_queue_on(struct irq_work *work, int cpu);
-#endif
 
 void irq_work_tick(void);
 void irq_work_sync(struct irq_work *work);
diff --git a/kernel/irq_work.c b/kernel/irq_work.c
index bcf107ce0854..9f20f6c72579 100644
--- a/kernel/irq_work.c
+++ b/kernel/irq_work.c
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ void __weak arch_irq_work_raise(void)
 	 */
 }
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 /*
  * Enqueue the irq_work @work on @cpu unless it's already pending
  * somewhere.
@@ -68,6 +67,8 @@ bool irq_work_queue_on(struct irq_work *work, int cpu)
 	/* All work should have been flushed before going offline */
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu_is_offline(cpu));
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
+
 	/* Arch remote IPI send/receive backend aren't NMI safe */
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(in_nmi());
 
@@ -78,10 +79,12 @@ bool irq_work_queue_on(struct irq_work *work, int cpu)
 	if (llist_add(&work->llnode, &per_cpu(raised_list, cpu)))
 		arch_send_call_function_single_ipi(cpu);
 
+#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_SMP */
+	irq_work_queue(work);
+#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_SMP */
+
 	return true;
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(irq_work_queue_on);
-#endif
 
 /* Enqueue the irq work @work on the current CPU */
 bool irq_work_queue(struct irq_work *work)
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu.h b/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
index e4b43fef89f5..59c471de342a 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu.h
@@ -203,6 +203,21 @@ static inline bool __rcu_reclaim(const char *rn, struct rcu_head *head)
 extern int rcu_cpu_stall_suppress;
 int rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check(void);
 
+#define rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_suppress() \
+do { \
+	if (!rcu_cpu_stall_suppress) \
+		rcu_cpu_stall_suppress = 3; \
+} while (0)
+
+#define rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_unsuppress() \
+do { \
+	if (rcu_cpu_stall_suppress == 3) \
+		rcu_cpu_stall_suppress = 0; \
+} while (0)
+
+#else /* #endif #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON */
+#define rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_suppress()
+#define rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_unsuppress()
 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON */
 
 /*
@@ -220,8 +235,12 @@ do { \
 	static atomic_t ___rfd_beenhere = ATOMIC_INIT(0); \
 	\
 	if (!atomic_read(&___rfd_beenhere) && \
-	    !atomic_xchg(&___rfd_beenhere, 1)) \
+	    !atomic_xchg(&___rfd_beenhere, 1)) { \
+		tracing_off(); \
+		rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_suppress(); \
 		ftrace_dump(oops_dump_mode); \
+		rcu_ftrace_dump_stall_unsuppress(); \
+	} \
 } while (0)
 
 void rcu_early_boot_tests(void);
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
index 7649fcd2c4c7..88cba7c2956c 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcu_segcblist.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 
 #include "rcu_segcblist.h"
 
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
index 45f2ffbc1e78..362eb2f78b3c 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
 #include <linux/torture.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/sched/debug.h>
 
 #include "rcu.h"
 
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
+torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
@@ -1239,6 +1241,7 @@ rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
+	static bool splatted;
 	struct task_struct *wtp;
 
 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
@@ -1324,6 +1327,10 @@ rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
 			 gpnum, completed, flags,
 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0UL : wtp->state,
 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
+		if (!splatted && wtp) {
+			sched_show_task(wtp);
+			splatted = true;
+		}
 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
 	}
@@ -1357,7 +1364,7 @@ rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
-		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d "
+		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
@@ -1365,7 +1372,7 @@ rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
-		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff,
+		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
 		 n_barrier_cbs,
 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
 }
@@ -1430,12 +1437,19 @@ static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
 		stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
-		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
 		rcu_read_lock();
-		preempt_disable();
+		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
+			local_irq_disable();
+		else
+			preempt_disable();
+		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start on CPU %d.\n",
+			 smp_processor_id());
 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
-		preempt_enable();
+		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
+			local_irq_enable();
+		else
+			preempt_enable();
 		rcu_read_unlock();
 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
 	}
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.c b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
index 3e3650e94ae6..e4fe06d42385 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.c
@@ -534,8 +534,8 @@ module_param(rcu_kick_kthreads, bool, 0644);
  * How long the grace period must be before we start recruiting
  * quiescent-state help from rcu_note_context_switch().
  */
-static ulong jiffies_till_sched_qs = HZ / 20;
-module_param(jiffies_till_sched_qs, ulong, 0644);
+static ulong jiffies_till_sched_qs = HZ / 10;
+module_param(jiffies_till_sched_qs, ulong, 0444);
 
 static bool rcu_start_gp_advanced(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_node *rnp,
 				  struct rcu_data *rdp);
@@ -837,6 +837,9 @@ static void rcu_eqs_enter(bool user)
  * We crowbar the ->dynticks_nesting field to zero to allow for
  * the possibility of usermode upcalls having messed up our count
  * of interrupt nesting level during the prior busy period.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_idle_enter(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_idle_enter(void)
 {
@@ -852,6 +855,9 @@ void rcu_idle_enter(void)
  * is permitted between this call and rcu_user_exit(). This way the
  * CPU doesn't need to maintain the tick for RCU maintenance purposes
  * when the CPU runs in userspace.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_user_enter(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_user_enter(void)
 {
@@ -875,6 +881,9 @@ void rcu_user_enter(void)
  * Use things like work queues to work around this limitation.
  *
  * You have been warned.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_irq_exit(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_irq_exit(void)
 {
@@ -899,6 +908,9 @@ void rcu_irq_exit(void)
 
 /*
  * Wrapper for rcu_irq_exit() where interrupts are enabled.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_irq_exit_irqson(), be sure to test
+ * with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_irq_exit_irqson(void)
 {
@@ -971,6 +983,9 @@ static void rcu_eqs_exit(bool user)
  * allow for the possibility of usermode upcalls messing up our count
  * of interrupt nesting level during the busy period that is just
  * now starting.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_idle_exit(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_idle_exit(void)
 {
@@ -987,6 +1002,9 @@ void rcu_idle_exit(void)
  *
  * Exit RCU idle mode while entering the kernel because it can
  * run a RCU read side critical section anytime.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_user_exit(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_user_exit(void)
 {
@@ -1012,6 +1030,9 @@ void rcu_user_exit(void)
  * Use things like work queues to work around this limitation.
  *
  * You have been warned.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_irq_enter(), be sure to test with
+ * CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_irq_enter(void)
 {
@@ -1037,6 +1058,9 @@ void rcu_irq_enter(void)
 
 /*
  * Wrapper for rcu_irq_enter() where interrupts are enabled.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_irq_enter_irqson(), be sure to test
+ * with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_irq_enter_irqson(void)
 {
@@ -1055,6 +1079,9 @@ void rcu_irq_enter_irqson(void)
  * that the CPU is active.  This implementation permits nested NMIs, as
  * long as the nesting level does not overflow an int.  (You will probably
  * run out of stack space first.)
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_nmi_enter(), be sure to test
+ * with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_nmi_enter(void)
 {
@@ -1087,6 +1114,9 @@ void rcu_nmi_enter(void)
  * RCU-idle period, update rdtp->dynticks and rdtp->dynticks_nmi_nesting
  * to let the RCU grace-period handling know that the CPU is back to
  * being RCU-idle.
+ *
+ * If you add or remove a call to rcu_nmi_exit(), be sure to test
+ * with CONFIG_RCU_EQS_DEBUG=y.
  */
 void rcu_nmi_exit(void)
 {
@@ -1207,6 +1237,22 @@ static int rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle(void)
 }
 
 /*
+ * We are reporting a quiescent state on behalf of some other CPU, so
+ * it is our responsibility to check for and handle potential overflow
+ * of the rcu_node ->gpnum counter with respect to the rcu_data counters.
+ * After all, the CPU might be in deep idle state, and thus executing no
+ * code whatsoever.
+ */
+static void rcu_gpnum_ovf(struct rcu_node *rnp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
+{
+	lockdep_assert_held(&rnp->lock);
+	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rdp->gpnum) + ULONG_MAX / 4, rnp->gpnum))
+		WRITE_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap, true);
+	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum + ULONG_MAX / 4, rnp->gpnum))
+		rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum = rnp->gpnum + ULONG_MAX / 4;
+}
+
+/*
  * Snapshot the specified CPU's dynticks counter so that we can later
  * credit them with an implicit quiescent state.  Return 1 if this CPU
  * is in dynticks idle mode, which is an extended quiescent state.
@@ -1216,15 +1262,34 @@ static int dyntick_save_progress_counter(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	rdp->dynticks_snap = rcu_dynticks_snap(rdp->dynticks);
 	if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs(rdp->dynticks_snap)) {
 		trace_rcu_fqs(rdp->rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, rdp->cpu, TPS("dti"));
-		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rdp->gpnum) + ULONG_MAX / 4,
-				 rdp->mynode->gpnum))
-			WRITE_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap, true);
+		rcu_gpnum_ovf(rdp->mynode, rdp);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
+ * Handler for the irq_work request posted when a grace period has
+ * gone on for too long, but not yet long enough for an RCU CPU
+ * stall warning.  Set state appropriately, but just complain if
+ * there is unexpected state on entry.
+ */
+static void rcu_iw_handler(struct irq_work *iwp)
+{
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+
+	rdp = container_of(iwp, struct rcu_data, rcu_iw);
+	rnp = rdp->mynode;
+	raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp);
+	if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(!rdp->rcu_iw_pending)) {
+		rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum = rnp->gpnum;
+		rdp->rcu_iw_pending = false;
+	}
+	raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp);
+}
+
+/*
  * Return true if the specified CPU has passed through a quiescent
  * state by virtue of being in or having passed through an dynticks
  * idle state since the last call to dyntick_save_progress_counter()
@@ -1235,8 +1300,7 @@ static int rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	unsigned long jtsq;
 	bool *rnhqp;
 	bool *ruqp;
-	unsigned long rjtsc;
-	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
 
 	/*
 	 * If the CPU passed through or entered a dynticks idle phase with
@@ -1249,34 +1313,25 @@ static int rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs_since(rdp->dynticks, rdp->dynticks_snap)) {
 		trace_rcu_fqs(rdp->rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, rdp->cpu, TPS("dti"));
 		rdp->dynticks_fqs++;
+		rcu_gpnum_ovf(rnp, rdp);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	/* Compute and saturate jiffies_till_sched_qs. */
-	jtsq = jiffies_till_sched_qs;
-	rjtsc = rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check();
-	if (jtsq > rjtsc / 2) {
-		WRITE_ONCE(jiffies_till_sched_qs, rjtsc);
-		jtsq = rjtsc / 2;
-	} else if (jtsq < 1) {
-		WRITE_ONCE(jiffies_till_sched_qs, 1);
-		jtsq = 1;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Has this CPU encountered a cond_resched_rcu_qs() since the
 	 * beginning of the grace period?  For this to be the case,
 	 * the CPU has to have noticed the current grace period.  This
 	 * might not be the case for nohz_full CPUs looping in the kernel.
 	 */
-	rnp = rdp->mynode;
+	jtsq = jiffies_till_sched_qs;
 	ruqp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_dynticks.rcu_urgent_qs, rdp->cpu);
 	if (time_after(jiffies, rdp->rsp->gp_start + jtsq) &&
 	    READ_ONCE(rdp->rcu_qs_ctr_snap) != per_cpu(rcu_dynticks.rcu_qs_ctr, rdp->cpu) &&
 	    READ_ONCE(rdp->gpnum) == rnp->gpnum && !rdp->gpwrap) {
 		trace_rcu_fqs(rdp->rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, rdp->cpu, TPS("rqc"));
+		rcu_gpnum_ovf(rnp, rdp);
 		return 1;
-	} else {
+	} else if (time_after(jiffies, rdp->rsp->gp_start + jtsq)) {
 		/* Load rcu_qs_ctr before store to rcu_urgent_qs. */
 		smp_store_release(ruqp, true);
 	}
@@ -1285,6 +1340,7 @@ static int rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	if (!(rdp->grpmask & rcu_rnp_online_cpus(rnp))) {
 		trace_rcu_fqs(rdp->rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, rdp->cpu, TPS("ofl"));
 		rdp->offline_fqs++;
+		rcu_gpnum_ovf(rnp, rdp);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1304,10 +1360,6 @@ static int rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	 * updates are only once every few jiffies, the probability of
 	 * lossage (and thus of slight grace-period extension) is
 	 * quite low.
-	 *
-	 * Note that if the jiffies_till_sched_qs boot/sysfs parameter
-	 * is set too high, we override with half of the RCU CPU stall
-	 * warning delay.
 	 */
 	rnhqp = &per_cpu(rcu_dynticks.rcu_need_heavy_qs, rdp->cpu);
 	if (!READ_ONCE(*rnhqp) &&
@@ -1316,15 +1368,26 @@ static int rcu_implicit_dynticks_qs(struct rcu_data *rdp)
 		WRITE_ONCE(*rnhqp, true);
 		/* Store rcu_need_heavy_qs before rcu_urgent_qs. */
 		smp_store_release(ruqp, true);
-		rdp->rsp->jiffies_resched += 5; /* Re-enable beating. */
+		rdp->rsp->jiffies_resched += jtsq; /* Re-enable beating. */
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If more than halfway to RCU CPU stall-warning time, do
-	 * a resched_cpu() to try to loosen things up a bit.
+	 * If more than halfway to RCU CPU stall-warning time, do a
+	 * resched_cpu() to try to loosen things up a bit.  Also check to
+	 * see if the CPU is getting hammered with interrupts, but only
+	 * once per grace period, just to keep the IPIs down to a dull roar.
 	 */
-	if (jiffies - rdp->rsp->gp_start > rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check() / 2)
+	if (jiffies - rdp->rsp->gp_start > rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check() / 2) {
 		resched_cpu(rdp->cpu);
+		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_IRQ_WORK) &&
+		    !rdp->rcu_iw_pending && rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum != rnp->gpnum &&
+		    (rnp->ffmask & rdp->grpmask)) {
+			init_irq_work(&rdp->rcu_iw, rcu_iw_handler);
+			rdp->rcu_iw_pending = true;
+			rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum = rnp->gpnum;
+			irq_work_queue_on(&rdp->rcu_iw, rdp->cpu);
+		}
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1513,6 +1576,7 @@ static void print_cpu_stall(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 {
 	int cpu;
 	unsigned long flags;
+	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rcu_get_root(rsp);
 	long totqlen = 0;
 
@@ -1528,7 +1592,9 @@ static void print_cpu_stall(struct rcu_state *rsp)
 	 */
 	pr_err("INFO: %s self-detected stall on CPU", rsp->name);
 	print_cpu_stall_info_begin();
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rdp->mynode, flags);
 	print_cpu_stall_info(rsp, smp_processor_id());
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rdp->mynode, flags);
 	print_cpu_stall_info_end();
 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
 		totqlen += rcu_segcblist_n_cbs(&per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda,
@@ -1922,6 +1988,7 @@ static bool __note_gp_changes(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_node *rnp,
 		rdp->core_needs_qs = need_gp;
 		zero_cpu_stall_ticks(rdp);
 		WRITE_ONCE(rdp->gpwrap, false);
+		rcu_gpnum_ovf(rnp, rdp);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -3702,6 +3769,8 @@ rcu_init_percpu_data(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
 	rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.norm = true;
 	rdp->rcu_qs_ctr_snap = per_cpu(rcu_dynticks.rcu_qs_ctr, cpu);
 	rdp->core_needs_qs = false;
+	rdp->rcu_iw_pending = false;
+	rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum = rnp->gpnum - 1;
 	trace_rcu_grace_period(rsp->name, rdp->gpnum, TPS("cpuonl"));
 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
 }
@@ -3739,10 +3808,24 @@ static void rcutree_affinity_setting(unsigned int cpu, int outgoing)
  */
 int rcutree_online_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
 {
-	sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(cpu);
-	rcutree_affinity_setting(cpu, -1);
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+	struct rcu_state *rsp;
+
+	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
+		rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
+		rnp = rdp->mynode;
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
+		rnp->ffmask |= rdp->grpmask;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
+	}
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TREE_SRCU))
 		srcu_online_cpu(cpu);
+	if (rcu_scheduler_active == RCU_SCHEDULER_INACTIVE)
+		return 0; /* Too early in boot for scheduler work. */
+	sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(cpu);
+	rcutree_affinity_setting(cpu, -1);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -3752,6 +3835,19 @@ int rcutree_online_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
  */
 int rcutree_offline_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
 {
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct rcu_data *rdp;
+	struct rcu_node *rnp;
+	struct rcu_state *rsp;
+
+	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
+		rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
+		rnp = rdp->mynode;
+		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
+		rnp->ffmask &= ~rdp->grpmask;
+		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
+	}
+
 	rcutree_affinity_setting(cpu, cpu);
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TREE_SRCU))
 		srcu_offline_cpu(cpu);
@@ -4200,8 +4296,7 @@ void __init rcu_init(void)
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
 		rcutree_prepare_cpu(cpu);
 		rcu_cpu_starting(cpu);
-		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TREE_SRCU))
-			srcu_online_cpu(cpu);
+		rcutree_online_cpu(cpu);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree.h b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
index 8e1f285f0a70..46a5d1991450 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree.h
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ struct rcu_node {
 				/* Online CPUs for next expedited GP. */
 				/*  Any CPU that has ever been online will */
 				/*  have its bit set. */
+	unsigned long ffmask;	/* Fully functional CPUs. */
 	unsigned long grpmask;	/* Mask to apply to parent qsmask. */
 				/*  Only one bit will be set in this mask. */
 	int	grplo;		/* lowest-numbered CPU or group here. */
@@ -285,6 +286,10 @@ struct rcu_data {
 
 	/* 8) RCU CPU stall data. */
 	unsigned int softirq_snap;	/* Snapshot of softirq activity. */
+	/* ->rcu_iw* fields protected by leaf rcu_node ->lock. */
+	struct irq_work rcu_iw;		/* Check for non-irq activity. */
+	bool rcu_iw_pending;		/* Is ->rcu_iw pending? */
+	unsigned long rcu_iw_gpnum;	/* ->gpnum associated with ->rcu_iw. */
 
 	int cpu;
 	struct rcu_state *rsp;
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h b/kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
index e012b9be777e..4c857e583802 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
+++ b/kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ DEFINE_PER_CPU(char, rcu_cpu_has_work);
  * This probably needs to be excluded from -rt builds.
  */
 #define rt_mutex_owner(a) ({ WARN_ON_ONCE(1); NULL; })
+#define rt_mutex_futex_unlock(x) WARN_ON_ONCE(1)
 
 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_BOOST */
 
@@ -530,7 +531,7 @@ void rcu_read_unlock_special(struct task_struct *t)
 
 		/* Unboost if we were boosted. */
 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && drop_boost_mutex)
-			rt_mutex_unlock(&rnp->boost_mtx);
+			rt_mutex_futex_unlock(&rnp->boost_mtx);
 
 		/*
 		 * If this was the last task on the expedited lists,
@@ -911,8 +912,6 @@ void exit_rcu(void)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_BOOST
 
-#include "../locking/rtmutex_common.h"
-
 static void rcu_wake_cond(struct task_struct *t, int status)
 {
 	/*
@@ -1507,7 +1506,7 @@ static void rcu_prepare_for_idle(void)
 	rdtp->last_accelerate = jiffies;
 	for_each_rcu_flavor(rsp) {
 		rdp = this_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda);
-		if (rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(&rdp->cblist))
+		if (!rcu_segcblist_pend_cbs(&rdp->cblist))
 			continue;
 		rnp = rdp->mynode;
 		raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs already disabled. */
@@ -1671,6 +1670,7 @@ static void print_cpu_stall_info_begin(void)
  */
 static void print_cpu_stall_info(struct rcu_state *rsp, int cpu)
 {
+	unsigned long delta;
 	char fast_no_hz[72];
 	struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(rsp->rda, cpu);
 	struct rcu_dynticks *rdtp = rdp->dynticks;
@@ -1685,11 +1685,15 @@ static void print_cpu_stall_info(struct rcu_state *rsp, int cpu)
 		ticks_value = rsp->gpnum - rdp->gpnum;
 	}
 	print_cpu_stall_fast_no_hz(fast_no_hz, cpu);
-	pr_err("\t%d-%c%c%c: (%lu %s) idle=%03x/%llx/%d softirq=%u/%u fqs=%ld %s\n",
+	delta = rdp->mynode->gpnum - rdp->rcu_iw_gpnum;
+	pr_err("\t%d-%c%c%c%c: (%lu %s) idle=%03x/%llx/%d softirq=%u/%u fqs=%ld %s\n",
 	       cpu,
 	       "O."[!!cpu_online(cpu)],
 	       "o."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rdp->mynode->qsmaskinit)],
 	       "N."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rdp->mynode->qsmaskinitnext)],
+	       !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_IRQ_WORK) ? '?' :
+			rdp->rcu_iw_pending ? (int)min(delta, 9UL) + '0' :
+				"!."[!delta],
 	       ticks_value, ticks_title,
 	       rcu_dynticks_snap(rdtp) & 0xfff,
 	       rdtp->dynticks_nesting, rdtp->dynticks_nmi_nesting,
diff --git a/kernel/rcu/update.c b/kernel/rcu/update.c
index 5033b66d2753..27694561f769 100644
--- a/kernel/rcu/update.c
+++ b/kernel/rcu/update.c
@@ -494,6 +494,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(do_trace_rcu_torture_read);
 #endif
 
 int rcu_cpu_stall_suppress __read_mostly; /* 1 = suppress stall warnings. */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_cpu_stall_suppress);
 static int rcu_cpu_stall_timeout __read_mostly = CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_TIMEOUT;
 
 module_param(rcu_cpu_stall_suppress, int, 0644);
@@ -575,7 +576,6 @@ DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(tasks_rcu_exit_srcu);
 static int rcu_task_stall_timeout __read_mostly = RCU_TASK_STALL_TIMEOUT;
 module_param(rcu_task_stall_timeout, int, 0644);
 
-static void rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread(void);
 static struct task_struct *rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr;
 
 /**
@@ -600,7 +600,6 @@ void call_rcu_tasks(struct rcu_head *rhp, rcu_callback_t func)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 	bool needwake;
-	bool havetask = READ_ONCE(rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr);
 
 	rhp->next = NULL;
 	rhp->func = func;
@@ -610,11 +609,8 @@ void call_rcu_tasks(struct rcu_head *rhp, rcu_callback_t func)
 	rcu_tasks_cbs_tail = &rhp->next;
 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rcu_tasks_cbs_lock, flags);
 	/* We can't create the thread unless interrupts are enabled. */
-	if ((needwake && havetask) ||
-	    (!havetask && !irqs_disabled_flags(flags))) {
-		rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread();
+	if (needwake && READ_ONCE(rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr))
 		wake_up(&rcu_tasks_cbs_wq);
-	}
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu_tasks);
 
@@ -853,27 +849,18 @@ static int __noreturn rcu_tasks_kthread(void *arg)
 	}
 }
 
-/* Spawn rcu_tasks_kthread() at first call to call_rcu_tasks(). */
-static void rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread(void)
+/* Spawn rcu_tasks_kthread() at core_initcall() time. */
+static int __init rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread(void)
 {
-	static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_tasks_kthread_mutex);
 	struct task_struct *t;
 
-	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr)) {
-		smp_mb(); /* Ensure caller sees full kthread. */
-		return;
-	}
-	mutex_lock(&rcu_tasks_kthread_mutex);
-	if (rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr) {
-		mutex_unlock(&rcu_tasks_kthread_mutex);
-		return;
-	}
 	t = kthread_run(rcu_tasks_kthread, NULL, "rcu_tasks_kthread");
 	BUG_ON(IS_ERR(t));
 	smp_mb(); /* Ensure others see full kthread. */
 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_tasks_kthread_ptr, t);
-	mutex_unlock(&rcu_tasks_kthread_mutex);
+	return 0;
 }
+core_initcall(rcu_spawn_tasks_kthread);
 
 /* Do the srcu_read_lock() for the above synchronize_srcu().  */
 void exit_tasks_rcu_start(void)
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index d17c5da523a0..9446b2e5eac5 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -505,8 +505,7 @@ void resched_cpu(int cpu)
 	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
 	unsigned long flags;
 
-	if (!raw_spin_trylock_irqsave(&rq->lock, flags))
-		return;
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rq->lock, flags);
 	resched_curr(rq);
 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, flags);
 }
@@ -4842,6 +4841,7 @@ int __sched _cond_resched(void)
 		preempt_schedule_common();
 		return 1;
 	}
+	rcu_all_qs();
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(_cond_resched);
@@ -5165,6 +5165,7 @@ void sched_show_task(struct task_struct *p)
 	show_stack(p, NULL);
 	put_task_stack(p);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_show_task);
 
 static inline bool
 state_filter_match(unsigned long state_filter, struct task_struct *p)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/config_override.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/config_override.sh
index 49fa51726ce3..ef7fcbac3d42 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/config_override.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/config_override.sh
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ else
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-T=/tmp/config_override.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/config_override.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configcheck.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configcheck.sh
index 70fca318a82b..197deece7c7c 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configcheck.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configcheck.sh
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #
 # Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
-T=/tmp/abat-chk-config.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/abat-chk-config.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configinit.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configinit.sh
index 3f81a1095206..51f66a7ce876 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configinit.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/configinit.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #
 # Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
-T=/tmp/configinit.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/configinit.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-build.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-build.sh
index 46752c164676..fb66d0173638 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-build.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-build.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ then
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-T=/tmp/test-linux.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/test-linux.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-test-1-run.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-test-1-run.sh
index 0af36a721b9c..ab14b97c942c 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-test-1-run.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm-test-1-run.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 #
 # Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
-T=/tmp/kvm-test-1-run.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/kvm-test-1-run.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm.sh
index b55895fb10ed..ccd49e958fd2 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/kvm.sh
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 scriptname=$0
 args="$*"
 
-T=/tmp/kvm.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/kvm.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ do
 		exit 1
 	fi
 done
-sort -k2nr $T/cfgcpu > $T/cfgcpu.sort
+sort -k2nr $T/cfgcpu -T="$T" > $T/cfgcpu.sort
 
 # Use a greedy bin-packing algorithm, sorting the list accordingly.
 awk < $T/cfgcpu.sort > $T/cfgcpu.pack -v ncpus=$cpus '
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-build.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-build.sh
index a6b57622c2e5..24fe5f822b28 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-build.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-build.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 F=$1
 title=$2
-T=/tmp/parse-build.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/parse-build.sh.$$
 trap 'rm -rf $T' 0
 mkdir $T
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-torture.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-torture.sh
index e3c5f0705696..f12c38909b00 100755
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-torture.sh
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/rcutorture/bin/parse-torture.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #
 # Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 
-T=/tmp/parse-torture.sh.$$
+T=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/parse-torture.sh.$$
 file="$1"
 title="$2"
author	Linus Torvalds	2017-11-13 12:18:10 -0800
committer	Linus Torvalds	2017-11-13 12:18:10 -0800
commit	6098850e7e6978f95a958f79a645a653228d0002 (patch)
tree	42e347ddd93cef05099b93157c32b80593572f02
parent	f08d8bcc12de5a153e587027e77de83662eefb8a (diff)
parent	72bc286b81d21404cdfecddf76b64c7163aac764 (diff)